Science revolutionized modern society with a process, not an end point. Whereas, previous social power structures were dependent on religious mythology and dogma--using deductive logic to propose solutions based on past knowledge, science introduced inductive logic where results are based on the measurement of current observations. The scientific revolution introduced several tools of observation and measurement, and The Royal Society in London began peer review to scrutinize results. By the 1900's advance statistics had developed to interpret the validity of results. Its amazing to think that advanced science is less than 200 years old.

Galileo Galilei was considered the father of science by both Sir Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein. He lived at the focal point of the scientific revolution inventing several measurement devices and using the telescope to demonstrate the elliptical nature of the planets. He championed heliocentrism against the church's belief that all things revolved around the earth. As a result, he faced the wrath of the church through two inquisitions and spent the remainder of his life under house arrest. Galileo believed in a mathematical basis for nature and supported evidence based explanations, using repeatable observation as the basis for inductive reasoning.